Working with different behaviors

When interacting with someone who has a disability, it may be unclear how to respond or help if the person reacts or behaves in a manner that’s unexpected. Those in the field who work with people with intellectual and developmental disabilities refer to these reactions as behaviors. Behaviors can be positive or negative. For that individual, their behavior communicates a lot to those who are willing to listen. Managing behaviors in individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) requires a thoughtful, patient, and individualized approach. At Waves, its important that each staff member get to know each person they work with well to best meet their needs.

Here are some key strategies:

1. Understand the underlying causes: All behavior is a form of communication. Try to identify what the person is trying to express through their behavior, such as unmet needs, overstimulation, or frustration [1][2].
2. Meet basic needs: Ensure the individual’s fundamental needs for food, water, safety, love, social interaction, and independence are met [2].
3. Modify the environment: Adjust the surroundings to reduce triggers that may cause challenging behaviors. This could involve reducing sensory stimuli or making the space more comfortable [2].
4. Use clear communication:
   1. Provide simple, clear instructions
   1. Use visual aids and schedules
   1. Employ “first/then” language to help prepare for transitions [3]
5. Implement positive reinforcement: Reward and acknowledge appropriate behaviors to encourage their repetition [4].
6. Offer choices: Giving limited options (no more than 3) can help individuals feel more in control and reduce challenging behaviors [3].
7. Provide sensory breaks: Offer quiet areas or sensory toys to help manage overstimulation [3].
8. Use redirection: When inappropriate behavior occurs, try to redirect the individual’s attention to a more appropriate activity [4].
9. Teach replacement behaviors: Model and encourage more appropriate ways to express needs or feelings [4].
10. Maintain consistency: Establish clear routines and expectations, and stick to them [3].
11. Stay calm: When challenging behaviors occur, remain calm and composed to avoid escalating the situation [3].
12. Collaborate with caregivers: Work closely with parents or primary caregivers to understand triggers and effective strategies [1].
13. Consider professional help: For persistent challenging behaviors, seek assistance from behavioral specialists or therapists experienced in working with individuals with IDD [1].

Remember, there’s no one-size-fits-all approach. It’s crucial to tailor these strategies to the individual’s specific needs, abilities, and circumstances. Patience, consistency, and a positive attitude are key to successfully managing behaviors in individuals with IDD.

Citations:

[1] https://www.enableme.ke/en/article/managing-behavior-of-people-with-intellectual-disability-1527

[2] https://www.wtcsb.org/dealing-with-unwanted-behavior-patterns-in-an-adult-with-intellectual-disability/

[3] https://joniandfriends.org/for-the-church/how-to-manage-challenging-behaviors-from-people-with-disabilities/

[4] https://njaes.rutgers.edu/fs1286/

[5] https://www.specialstrong.com/behavioral-therapy-techniques-for-intellectual-disabilities/